I. Introduction This memorandum explains the rules that guide the Polish courts in determining which state’s law applies to succession matters, such as a will’s validity or determination of the heirs to a deceased person. These rules are currently set out in Regulation (EU) No 650/2012 of the Eu...

1. General We present below an outline of the main Polish regulations regarding the branch of a foreign entrepreneur. The information provided in this memorandum is of a general nature and should not be considered exhaustive. The branch is the simplest form of a foreign entrepreneur’s business in ...

1. Introduction A credit institution from another member state of the European Union may commence activity in Poland in several ways. It may set up a branch in Poland, start cross-border activity, set up a domestic (Polish) bank or acquire an interest in an existing Polish bank. We present below an ...

I. Introduction The limited liability company (Polish: spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością or abbreviated: sp. z o.o.) enjoys popularity as a form of medium-size and large business in Poland. Relatively easy to incorporate, governed by flexible rules regarding its structure, protecting shar...